Principle: When a hot mixture is allowed to enter from a high-pressure zone into a low pressure zone, the entire liquid mixture is suddenly vaporized. This process is known as flash vaporization . During this process, the chamber is cooled. The less volatile fraction is condensed and the more volatile component remains in the vapor phase . This process requires time, hence liquid and vapor are kept in intimate contact until equilibrium is achieved. Flash distillation is also called equilibrium distillation because separation of two liquids takes place when liquid and vapor phases are at equilibrium. Equipment used for Flash Distillation: Construction: It consists of a pump, which is connected to a feed reservoir. Pumps help in pumping the feed into the heating chamber. The heating chamber is heat supplied by steam. The other end of the pipe is directly introduced into the vapor-liquid separator through a reducing valve. The vapor outlet...