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Renin Angiotensin Mechanism.

Biological Role of Carbohydrates.

 

  • Definition:

    • Carbohydrates are hydrates of carbon, which on hydrolysis produce polyhydroxy aldehydes or polyhydroxy ketones.

Biological Role of Carbohydrates:

  • Carbohydrates are the chief energy source in many animals; they are an instant source of energy. 

  • Glucose is broken down by glycolysis/ krebs cycle to yield ATP.  

  • Glucose is the source of storage of energy. It is stored as glycogen in animals and starch in plants.  

  • Stored carbohydrates act as an energy source instead of proteins.  

  • Carbohydrates are intermediates in biosynthesis of fats and proteins.  

  • Carbohydrates aid in regulation of nerve tissue and are the energy source for the brain.  

  • Carbohydrates get associated with lipids and proteins to form surface antigens, receptor molecules, vitamins and antibiotics.  

  • They form structural and protective components, like in the cell wall of plants and microorganisms.  

  • In animals they are an important constituent of connective tissues.  

  • They participate in biological transport, cell-cell communication and activation of growth factors.  

  • Carbohydrates that are rich in fiber content help to prevent constipation.  

  • Also they help in modulation of the immune system.

Commonly Asked Questions.

  1. Define Carbohydrates and give their biological importance.
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