Simple Pharmanotes

  Introduction: Size of bacterias varies between 1 to 5 microns in length, but some of them are as big as 80 microns in length. They were discovered by Anton van Leeuwenhoek in 1676. They were discovered by Anton van Leeuwenhoek in 1676.  Bacteria cell structure Bacteria is a prokaryotic cell.  It is enveloped by three layers like the capsule, cell wall and cell membrane.  The membrane encloses protoplasm which has nuclear materials, ribosomes, food materials, etc.  The cell structure is composed of, Capsule Cell wall Cell membrane Protoplasm Mesosomes Ribosomes Nuclear material Flagella and Pili. Capsule :  This is a mucilage sheet secreted by the cell membrane.  It is a slimy layer which is loosely arranged around the cell wall.  This is present only in some bacteria during the adverse environmental conditions.  It protects the cell from desiccation in conditions like high temperature and drought.  This capsule is digested and consumed by the bacteria when the conditions get normal.